Endometriosis can present very differently from one woman to another. Many women with the condition experience no symptoms at all, and the diagnosis is sometimes made unexpectedly during surgery for an unrelated issue, such as appendicitis or gallbladder removal. However, for those who do experience symptoms, the most commonly reported ones include pelvic pain, abdominal discomfort, lower back pain, digestive issues, and pain during intercourse. These symptoms often become more intense around menstruation, making them a key indicator of the condition.  

When endometriosis affects the digestive system, it can cause pain during bowel movements. In rarer cases, it can also impact the urinary tract, leading to difficulties urinating, discomfort above the pubic area, or even blood in the urine. Though extremely rare, endometriosis can also affect the lungs.  

How Is Endometriosis Diagnosed?  

Diagnosis can happen in different ways. Sometimes, it is discovered incidentally during imaging tests like an ultrasound or MRI, performed for unrelated reasons. In other cases, a woman seeks medical attention due to worsening pain around her period or difficulty conceiving. While imaging tests can help identify deep endometriosis lesions or ovarian involvement, the only definitive diagnosis comes from a surgical procedure—most commonly laparoscopy—where a biopsy of the lesions is taken and analyzed under a microscope.  

Can Endometriosis Affect Fertility?  

Endometriosis can impact fertility, primarily due to anatomical changes caused by inflammation and adhesions. These adhesions can create scar tissue that interferes with the ability of the fallopian tubes to capture the egg after ovulation. Some research also suggests that endometriosis might affect egg quality or implantation, though this remains a topic of debate. While not all women with endometriosis struggle with infertility, those experiencing difficulties conceiving may benefit from a specialized evaluation and treatment plan.  

Learn. Improve. Maintain.  

Understanding the symptoms and seeking early diagnosis can make a significant difference in managing endometriosis. If you experience recurring pain, especially around your period, or have concerns about fertility, talking to a healthcare professional can help you take control of your reproductive health.